It is often said that solving problems is not only essential but also one of the best ways to learn and appreciate physics. This carefully selected collection of problems and worked examples guides you smoothly and expertly into the fascinating world of physics—both classical and modern.No wonder: behind this book lies the vast experience of its authors, who have taught general physics for decades in secondary technical and vocational schools across the Soviet Union. The book has been tested, revised, and refined repeatedly, which has helped establish it as a classic in the field.Each section begins with examples that are worked out in detail. These have been chosen so that, by studying the book independently, the student can overcome the typical difficulties encountered when solving problems.The questions cover major concepts and their applications, providing explanations of physical phenomena observed in daily life. The problems range from straightforward to genuinely challenging. Answers to the questions are designed to stimulate creative thinking, while the solutions to difficult problems include hints and references to typical examples or earlier problems.Edited by R. A. GladkovaTranslated from the Russian by Alexander RepyevContentsPrefaceIntroductionChapter I. Molecular Physics And HeatSec. 1 DensitySec. 2 Elements of Kinetic Theory of Gases Molecular Motion, Diffusion and Osmosis, Gas Pressure Molecular Velocities, Dimensions and Mass Molecular Free Path, Internal Friction Atmospheric Pressure, Gas Pressure in Closed Volume Basic Equation of Kinetic Theory of Gases Equation of State of Ideal GasSec. 3 Special Applications of the Mendeleev-Clapeyron Equation Isochoric, Isobaric, and Isothermal Processes Internal Energy of Ideal Gas Work in Volume ChangesSec. 4 Internal Energy and Thermodynamics Heat and Work, First Law of Thermodynamics Adiabatic Process, Heat of Combustion Efficiency of Thermal EnginesSec. 5 Properties of Real Gases and Vapours Vaporisation, Condensation, Critical State Atmospheric Water VapourSec. 6 Properties of Liquids Osmotic Pressure, Surface Tension, Viscosity Capillarity, Curved Liquid SurfacesSec. 7 Properties of Solids Fusion, Crystallisation, Triple Point Phase Transitions, Stress and StrainSec. 8 Thermal Expansion Linear, Superficial and Volume ExpansionChapter II. ElectricitySec. 9 Electric Charges, Conservation, Coulomb’s LawSec. 10 Electric Field Field Strength, Work and Potential, Potential DifferenceSec. 11 Capacitance and CapacitorsSec. 12 Electric Current in MetalsSec. 13 Work, Power, Heating Effect of CurrentSec. 14 Electric Current in Electrolytes Galvanic Cells and Storage BatteriesSec. 15 Electric Current in Gases and Vacuum Thermionic EmissionSec. 16 Electric Current in SemiconductorsSec. 17 Electromagnetism Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, Magnetic Moment Magnetic Flux, Lorentz ForceSec. 18 Electromagnetic Induction Induced EMF, Lenz’s Law, Self-Induction Energy of Magnetic FieldChapter III. Oscillations And WavesSec. 19 Mechanical Oscillations and Waves, SoundSec. 20 Alternating Current Time Variation of EMF and Current, TransformerSec. 21 Three-Phase CurrentSec. 22 Electrical Oscillations and Electromagnetic WavesChapter IV. Optics And Special RelativitySec. 23 Velocity and Nature of LightSec. 24 Geometrical Optics Reflection, Refraction, Lenses, Mirrors, Optical InstrumentsSec. 25 Wave Nature of LightSec. 26 PhotometrySec. 27 Radiation and SpectraSec. 28 Quantum Nature of LightSec. 29 Special Relativity TheoryChapter V. Atomic NucleusSec. 30 Atomic StructureSec. 31 Atomic NucleusChapter VI. Astronomy: Brief SurveySec. 32 Elements of AstronomyAnswersAppendix