By analyzing the ancient texts in full detail, this book establishes the relative chronology of the Rigveda vis-à-vis the Avesta and the Mitanni inscriptions; the geography of the Rigveda; the internal chronology of the (different parts of) the Rigveda; and, finally, the first steps in the establishment of the absolute chronology of the Rigveda, i.e. the actual point of time BCE when the hymns of the text were composed. Moreover, it presents linguistic evidence for the Indian Homeland hypothesis as the only one that explains all the linguistic problems arising in the course of the quest for the Original Homeland. While the beginnings of the history of the Egyptian and the Mesopotamian Civilizations are known to lie at least as far back as the fourth millennium BCE on the basis of detailed decipherable and deciphered records, the beginnings of Indian Civilization as we know it could not really be traced far earlier than the Ashokan inscriptions of the third century BCE. The earlier records, the seals of the Harappan Civilization, are not yet convincingly deciphered; neither their language nor even whether they represent a language at all. However, ironically, decipherable records have been found in West Asia, dating to the mid-second millennium BCE, which record the presence of Indo-Aryan-speakers, especially in the Mitanni kingdom. The analysis of the textual data in this book shows that the culture common to the Rigveda, the Avesta and the Mitanni records developed in northern India in the Late Rigvedic Period, and that the earlier periods, Middle Rigvedic and Early Rigvedic, saw not only the Indo-Aryans but also the proto-Iranians as inhabitants of areas deeper within northern India, whence they only expanded westwards towards the end of the Early Rigvedic Period. Table of Contents:-Section I:- Chronology and Geography of the Rigveda. Chapter 1. The Relative Chronology of the Rigveda — I Personal Names in the Avesta. 1A. The Early Rigveda ― Rigvedic Names. 1A-1. The Early Books.1A-2. The Avesta.1A-3. The Middle and Late Books. 1A-4. Certain Basic Words.1B. The Early Rigveda ― Iranian Names. 1C. The Middle Rigveda.1D. The Late Rigveda. 1D-1. Composer Names.1D-2. Names in the Text. 1D-3. Other Words in the Text. 1E. Three ―BMAC‖ words in Rigvedic Names. 1F. What the Evidence Shows.1G. Footnote: An ―Iranian‖ Vasiṣṭha? Chapter 2. The Relative Chronology of the Rigveda — I (contd). The Evidence of the Meters. 2A. The Rigvedic Meters.2B. The Chronology of the Dimeters.2C. The Chronology of the Other Meters. 2D. The Avestan Meters. Chapter 3. The Geography of the RV.3A. The Eastern Region: the Sarasvatī River and East.3B. The Western Region: the Indus River and West.3C. The Central Region: Between the Sarasvatī and the Indus. 3D. Summary of the Data.3E. Appendix 1: Other Geographical Evidence. 3E-1. Climate and Topography.3E-2. Trees and Wood.3E-3. Rice and Wheat.3E-4. The Traditional Vedic Attitude towards the Northwest. 3F. Appendix 2. The Topsy-turvy Logic of AIT Geography. 3F-1. The Sarasvatī.3F-2. The Gangā. Chapter 4. The Internal Chronology of the Rigveda.4A. The Late Books as per the Western Scholars Themselves.4B. Can This Evidence be Refuted?4C. Appendix I: The Internal Order of the Early and Middle Books. 4C-1. The Early vis-à-vis the Middle Books. 4C-2. The Early Books.4C-3. The Middle Books. 4D. Appendix II: ―Late‖ Hymns. 4D-1. Facts.4D-2. Testimony.4D-3. Deductions. 4D-4. Speculations. Chapter 5. The Relative Chronology of the Rigveda — II The Mitanni Evidence. 5A. Witzel‘s Fraudulent Arguments. 5B. The Actual Evidence.5C. Footnote: Edward W. Hopkins. Chapter 6. The Absolute Chronology of the Rigveda. 6A. The Mitanni Evidence.6B. The Additional Chronological Evidence. 6C. The Implications. Section II:- The Indo-European Homeland in IndiaChapter 7. The Evidence of the Isoglosses. 7A. Hock‘s Linguistic Case.7B. Hock‘s Case Examined.7C. The Evidence of the Isoglosses. 7D. The Evidence in Perspective. 7D-1. The Early Dialects. 7D-2. The European Dialects. 7D-3. The Last dialects. 7E. The Last Two of the Last Dialects. 7E-1. The Textual Evidence.7E-2. The Uralic Evidence. 7F. The Linguistic Roots in India.7G. Appendix: Witzel‘s Linguistic Arguments against the OIT. Chapter 8. The Archaeological Case. 8A. The Archaeological Case Against the OIT. 8B. The Case for the OIT. 8B-1. The PGW (painted grey ware) Culture as the Vedic Culture. 8B-2. The Harappan Civilization as the Rigvedic Culture.8C-3. The Indo-European Emigrations. 8C. The Importance of the Rigveda. Postscript: Identities Past and Present.